a sign…

the white britain

i believe in divine intervention. i believe in the ’sign’ from ‘high-above’ – whatever people call it: God, god, gods, ultimate-energy, whatever. this picture will always remind me of that. in the beginning of this year, yearning for things to be just fine, in my prayer i asked for a ’sign’: snow – and granted! (BBC and independent forecasted the snow would start two days later). a bit too much, though..! – a coincidence? perhaps. but i don’t care. divine signs and miracles are always coincidences – it depends on how you see them!

thank you, and thank You
(ma – ch, 4/1/10:5.15pm – when the first snow fell)

How low can you go? Catatan akhir 2009

Natalan kemarin, seperti pernah terjadi pada tahun 2007, Ira mengajak Aruna dan Nara ke sebuah panti asuhan di dekat rumah di Pontianak. Panti asuhan itu khusus menangani anak-anak yang menderita hydrochepalus – kelainan akibat akumulasi cairan saraf di otak. Aruna bermain-main dengan anak-anak Panti yang sepantaran dirinya. Nara sempat takut melihat cacat fisik para penderita hydrochepalus itu, tapi cuma sesaat, lantas menunjukkan simpati dan kedekatan pada mereka. Kata Ira, Nara suka mengelus bayi-bayi hydrochepalus itu sambil bilang, “Adik bayi … sayang … sakit? sayang …” – memang belum banyak perbendaharaan katanya, tetapi Nara yang baru 2.5 tahun itu sudah menunjukkan empati besar pada ‘adik-adiknya’ yang menderita.

Opening the Black Box: Adoption of Innovations in Voluntary Organisations

The image is taken from http://frontlineclub.com/blogs/onnikkrikorian/civil_society_poster.jpg

I received an email from SSRN today, saying that this paper was on the Top 10 List as of yesterday 8-12-2009. Not a great deal, but still, I’m quite happy. This paper was presented at ISPIM conference in Singapore December 2008 and -after some revisions- was published as Manchester Business School Working Paper No. 576. This paper was submitted to Research Policy, which, very very luckily did not reject it but suggested me to do some revision for resubmission. Of course, for an innovation scholar, the chance to publish in Research Policy (even if it is just a chance!) is too good to miss. Just wish me luck, guys!

Abstract:
Despite the considerable attention paid to research into the adoption of technological innovations in government agencies and business firms, little attention has been paid to other types of organisations such as voluntary organisations (VOs). As a result, many things remain unknown: the patterns of uptake and adoption in VOs, the process of the transformation both of the organisations and the way they implement the innovation, and its implication. This paper attempts to address these problems. By presenting the case of Indonesian VOs at a theoretical level, this research is concerned with the diffusion of innovation and the effects on the practice of VOs and voluntary movements. These concerns are explored by examining two related empirical issues: (i) the links between innovation and organisational performance, and (ii) the construction of innovation diffusion and impacts in organisations that define those links.

Keywords: adoption, technological innovations, voluntary organisations, not-for-profit, non-governmental

Citation and Download: Nugroho, Yanuar, Opening the Black Box: Adoption of Innovations in Voluntary Organisations (August 11, 2009). Manchester Business School Research Paper No. 576. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1508488

Incorporating network perspectives in foresight: A methodological proposal

Foresight (2009), Volume 11(6): 21-41
Yanuar Nugroho and Ozcan Saritas

Abstract

Purpose – A particular feature that makes foresight powerful is its capability to learn from past trends to help guide decision-making for future policy. However, in studying both past and future trends, network perspectives are often missing. Since networks are capable of revealing the structure that underpins relationships between stakeholders, key issues and actions in the past, they are powerful to help envisage the future. The purpose of this paper is to propose a methodological framework to incorporate network analysis in foresight.

Design/methodology/approach – The paper develops a generic framework to incorporate network analysis into foresight’s five stages. Trends identified by respondents of the Big Picture Survey are used to demonstrate how we operationalize this framework.

Microfinance and Innovation: Are we reinventing the Wheel?

I had an opportunity to co-author with my ex supervisor Professor Ian Miles to write an opinion in the world magazine MicrofinanceInsights. The piece appears in the latest edition (Vol 15, Nov/Dec 2009). I quote the editorial’s comment:

Innovation: Are we Reinventing the Wheel?

In this issue, we look at different innovations—product, technology, and financial—that are adding value and efficiency to the sector. In our Commentary, Ian Miles and Yanuar Nugroho of the University of Manchester, argue that microfinance is now poised to bridge the gap between the privileged and the bottom of the pyramid, with the help of innovations that bear no resemblance to the Wall Street machinations that helped bring the global economy to its knees. In our cover story, Stephen Hodgson of Redport International and Yana Watson of Dalberg Global Development Advisors, question the nature of innovation that has taken place in microfinance to date; cite examples from the annals of financial history that could work well when applied to microfinance; and conclude that the sector might be better served if it adopts models that have been tried and tested in other spheres of finance. The issue brims with examples of innovations that work—from mobile technology in India to financial education for Mongolian teenagers to ATM-style kiosks in Georgia—and ones that don’t, such as the Business Correspondent system, which has faltered in India. In this issue’s Survey, our team polled 180 microfinance institutions about how Information & Communication Technology has influenced their work. You will also find the results of a Reader Survey we conducted in September to gauge what our audience thinks of Microfinance Insights so we can tailor the content to suit their preferences.

Growing green: Venture capital support for clean technology

InnoGRIPS Newsletter No. 9, October 2009

by Jennifer Hayden and Yanuar Nugroho
Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, University of Manchester, United Kingdom

Global venture capital has been hit hard by the recession, dampening the prospects for many would-be start-ups at just the time when job creation and innovation are badly needed. Venture capital plays a critical role in funding the risky, early stages that other forms of finance often shy away from. Fund managers bring a mix of expertise and capital to guide a good idea to fruition with the goal of reaping large pay-offs at the IPO, but more often than not the venture fails – a risk that traditional funding bodies will not take on board. The success of the venture capital industry is important because it acts as a catalyst for innovation in the economy and can be critical in bringing course-altering technologies to the fore1. It is promising then that global venture capital is addressing itself to the grand challenge of climate change through its support of green technologies.

The Ties that Bind: Law, Islamisation and Indonesia’s Prosperous Justice Party (PKS)

Australian Journal of Asian Law, (2008), Vol 10 (2): 233-267
Najwa Shihab, Yanuar Nugroho

Abstract

There are clear indications that Indonesia’s Prosperous Justice Party (Partai Keadilan Sejahtera or PKS) has shifted from being a hardline (garis keras) Islamist party, to take a more moderate stance, with significant changes to its platform. Prominent among these are decisions to step back from earlier demands for the enforcement of Islamic law and the creation of an Islamic state in Indonesia, as well as major modifications to doctrinal positions relating to the legal status of women as leaders, and formal relations with non-Muslims. This article investigates the factors that have contributed to this shift, and argues that it is a result of political processes in Indonesia that compel PKS to moderate its platform to expand its constituency. It is also argued that an ideological transformation has taken place within PKS, that the transformation is genuine, albeit contested internally, and that it is probably necessary for electoral success.

Authors

Najwa Shihab is an Indonesian journalist specialising in law, politics and social change. She has been working as an anchor and host of political talk shows on an Indonesian national television network. She is currently undertaking a Masters program in the Faculty of Law at the University of Melbourne.

Yanuar Nugroho is Research Associate with the Manchester Institute of Innovation Research at the University of Manchester. His research interests include new media innovation and social change, focusing on civic politics and democracy. He is also active in the Indonesian NGO movement and is associated with Business Watch Indonesia (BWI), Uni Sosial Demokrat and ELSPPAT.

This article is dated 2008, but was just out in September 2009 . Read the full article here, or here. Or if you cannot get the access, email me or Najwa and we perhaps can share the pre-publication proof for you – depending what it is for ..

Top 10 Innovation Studies Journals

One of the projects I am working on is INNO-GRIPS, which is a multi-activities EU-funded project focusing on pooling innovation knowledge. We have a repository site which hosts some of the outputs of the project here (see the left panel). We also have a blog here (do visit, benefit from it … and leave comments!). Recently we met some PhD students and asked their experience with our GRIPs project. It is interesting to learn that what we blog do benefit the students (despite there are barely comments). One of the favourites is the “Top 10 Innovation Studies Journals”. Here it is …

Hubs and wires: Internet use in Indonesian NGOs is strengthening civil society

Two days after the tsunami hit the northern tip of Sumatra on Boxing Day 2004, Yayasan AirPutih (airputih.or.id ) began working quietly, far from publicity, to reconstruct the communication backbone destroyed by the disaster. Using VHF/UHF radio, V-Sat and wireless technology, AirPutih restored communication in Aceh, making its first Internet broadcast on 30 December 2004. This was in spite of the radio silence policy imposed by the local military and government. Yayasan AirPutih also provided the first free satellite telephone and wireless Internet connection in Banda Aceh for humanitarian relief organisations working in the area and continued to do so until it ran out of money. In addition, Yayasan AirPutih played a vital role in establishing the first media centre (acehmediacenter.or.id ) which relayed to the world what happened at ‘ground zero’, channelled support and coordinated humanitarian aid. Without Yayasan AirPutih, the reconstruction of an information infrastructure and initial relief in Aceh after the disaster would have been impossible.

The urgent need to reconstruct Aceh’s information infrastructure, and in particular to provide Internet access, reflects the importance of this technology to the work of both Indonesian and foreign NGOs and aid organisations. Yet Internet use among Indonesian NGOs is a relatively recent phenomenon. It is only in the last decade or so that the Internet has became more widely available and the technology adopted by Indonesian NGOs. However, in that time, Internet use has had a significant impact on the organisations and their work.

Read the full article in INSIDE INDONESIA here.

krisis global tak berdampak ke TKI di inggris? yang bener aja …

siang sampai sore hari ini saya mendapat telepon dari tanah air beberapa kali. kalau tak salah hitung, ada 8 atau 9 kali, dari orang yang berbeda-beda dan dua diantaranya dari media massa. ada kemiripan semua isi telepon itu. awalnya, semua bertanya, “apa benar tak ada dampak krisis ekonomi saat ini di inggris?“. saya jawab, “tidak benar“. lalu saya tanya balik, “kenapa?” lalu dijawab, “kompas yang bilang itu“. saya menukas, “ngawur itu. sudah pasti kompas salah.” lalu ditanggapi lagi, “lha ini dari wawancara mereka yang bekerja di ingris kok“. lalu saya menukas lagi, “lha yang diwawancarai yang nggak ngerti situasinya.” lalu yang bikin saya shock, “lha bukannya kamu juga diwawancarai?”

non scholae sed vitae discimus

judul dalam bahasa latin di atas, terjemahan bebasnya kira-kira “bukan untuk sekolah tapi untuk hidup kita belajar …” – itu jawaban yang saya berikan pada satu kawan yang pada satu kesempatan bertanya mengapa saya (dan bang gindo, pak rusman, pak iwan) mau berepot-repot mengurusi kemisan manchester ini sejak 4 tahun yang lalu. “lho apa tidak kebalik?” tanya kawan saya itu, “bukankah justru karena kita di manchester ini untuk sekolah ..?” saya jawab tegas, “tidak. kalau setahun-mu, atau empat tahun-mu di manchester ini hanya untuk sekolah, kamu menyia-nyiakan umurmu.” itu jawab saya. dia terpana.

Adopting Technology, Transforming Society: The Internet and the Reshaping of Civil Society Activism in Indonesia

This paper appears in the International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Society Vol 6(2):77-105

Abstract

This paper explores the impacts of Internet use in civil society organisations (CSOs) in Indonesia. Using qualitative data gathered from a series of workshops attended by CSO activists, the study argues that the Indonesian social movement today has perhaps both shaped and been shaped by the use of the Internet in CSOs. Internet use is never simple and straightforward; it is multifaceted and often raises uncertainties given that many CSOs adopt and use the technology in a number of different ways. This challenge brings enormous opportunity for CSOs and the furthering of social movement once the technology is appropriated in strategic and political ways. Despite problems and difficulties, Internet use in CSOs has had significant implications both on the internal management of the organisations and on external aspects; particularly the dynamics of social movement in the country.

awal keruntuhan ..?

membaca berita hari ini tentang disahkannya undang-undang pornografi yang kontroversial oleh dpr, saya hanya bisa menundukkan kepala. setelah berbagai upaya, debat, hingga protes, tampaknya hanya segelintir wakil rakyat yang memahami duduk perkara uu pornografi ini – dan mereka pun tak sanggup menghentikan arus deras mayoritas dewan yang membutakan diri pada realitas bangsa majemuk ini.

masih soal RUU pornografi

di bawah ini statement KWI (konferensi waligereja indonesia) tentang RUU pornografi. saya catat di sini bukan karena saya seorang katolik tetapi karena keprihatinan mendalam tentang diskursus pornografi yang kini sudah menjadi “kendaraan politik”.

Network Dynamics in the Transition to Democracy: Mapping Global Networks of Contemporary Indonesian Civil Society

This paper seeks to make transparent the mutually reinforcing relationships between global civil society, democracy and network society, which are often implicit in extant theories. The concept of a ‘global civil society’ cannot be separated from the promotion of democracy. Global civil society itself is one of the most explicit instances of the emergence of network society in the modern age and democracy lies at the very heart of what constitutes a network society. However, very little has been said about how these apparent mutually reinforcing relationships arise. Focusing on the case of Indonesia during the fraught regime change from authoritarianism to democracy, we investigate the role of transnational and national civil society organisation during the periods of pre-reform, reform and post-reform. Using multi-methods, including social network analysis and interviews with civil society activists and networkers, we discover a less encouraging picture of these relationships and conclude that the forging of this virtuous circle has some obvious gaps. We attempt to account for these apparent gaps in this mutually reinforcing relationship in terms of different modes of political participation. We suggest that some forms of ‘chequebook activism’ characterised the global civil society role during an abrupt and bloody regime change.

Read the full paper in the Sociological Research Online (Vol 13 Issue 5) here.

Corporate governance: Towards bonum commune?

Perspective is about bringing together things that seem to have no relation to each other so that they could be more easily understood in a context. It sounds simple. But it helps scrutinising the relationship between noble idea of good governance and hullabaloo of corporate responsibility. Why these two? Firstly, because discourse about good governance today cannot but touch upon the issue of corporate governance. And secondly, because corporate responsibility has become the issue of corporate governance.

It has been admitted that corporations are playing vital role in developments as they create employment, produce goods and services, bring investments and thus economic growth. As no one would disagree that good governance is necessary for development, neither do they contradict the idea that good governance should be applied to corporate world. Even, it flowers a thought that business should be allowed to regulate themselves.

Does the Internet transform (civil) society?

An excerpt of my PhD thesis appears in the 3rd edition of INNO-GRIPS Newsletter, published by the European Commission DG Innovation, Pro-INNO Europe. Below is the text. The full PDF version of the newsletter (only 8 pages) can be downloaded directly from the Pro-INNO EU here. Enjoy ..

(just did not think that EC would be interested in a research on Indonesia .. )

y

Martabat buruh, kinerja modal dan penyelenggaraan publik

Oleh Yanuar Nugroho
CSR Review 13 Januari 2008

“Globalisasi produksi kini tengah membentuk kembali lansekap ekonomi internasional. Dengan itu, pengetahuan lama yang mengatakan bahwa negara maju adalah eksportir modal dan teknologi dan negara berkembang sebagai importirnya pelan-pelan harus minggir dan memberikan tempat bagi relasi keduanya yang lebih kompleks… Tren saat ini mempunyai implikasi yang penting bagi pembagian kerja di dunia. Pandangan tradisional bahwa aktivitas produksi yang lebih kompleks dilakukan di Utara dan yang sederhana di Selatan makin tidak mencerminkan realitas. Perusahaan kini melihat bahwa negara berkembang menjadi penting bukan hanya karena buruh murah, tetapi terutama pertumbuhan, ketrampilan dan teknologi.”

Setelah demo masif para buruh menolak revisi UU No. 13/2003 yang sarat dengan pengabaian hak-hak pekerja, pemerintah akhirnya mengambil sikap untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan UU tersebut sebelum merevisinya.  Tentu sikap ini disambut baik oleh buruh. Namun, pengusaha menunjukkan gelagat lain: mereka ngotot minta revisi segera dilakukan dengan tetap menggunakan draft yang sudah ditolak tersebut. Alasannya, revisi itu perlu untuk memikat investasi.  Jika saja kita mau sedikit lebih jeli melihat problematika ketenagakerjaan itu, disana ada tegangan mendasar: martabat manusia dan kuasa modal.

Barriers to Internet adoption in Indonesian CSOs

Among many other aspects, this research aims to investigate the barriers to the adoption of the Internet in civil society organisations (CSOs). However, it is not easy to address such a question straightforwardly. To approach this inquiry the survey posed two questions. One question addressed the ‘negative aspects’ caused by the use of ICTs, particularly the Internet, in Indonesian CSOs. The other one addressed the extent to which some factors hampered their Internet use.

The Internet and mobilisation of direct action

Among the strategic uses for the internet that Indonesian CSOs carry out is mobilising direct action. A salient example of this is the campaign against violation of human rights, forced disappearances, repression towards labourers and trade unions and campaigns for promoting gender equality, women’s rights, environment sustainability amongst others. The targets are typically government, companies and military bodies. In general, the campaign is performed by submitting an online protest on the web or circulating the issues through various mailing lists asking for support to pressurise government, parliament, military and/or companies to reconsider their actions.